Concepts of Resources and Scarcity

Concepts of Resources and Scarcity Resources and scarcity, resources means to provide or equipment that is needed. Scarcity means limited or short supply. The definition by Lionel Robbins says that our resources are limited but humans need is unlimited. As a human we never get enough of things. For example, now i own a proton car but later, will wish to have other bigger car. As we all know humans have unlimited desire. And also its very hard to satisfy their wants. Economics is defined as a study of resources to satisfy humans unlimited wants. Economics plays an important role in our daily life. For example, if a price of a product increases it will affect the economics of the country and also the people there. It is important to have or maintain a stable economics in the country. Economics plays an important role in every individual. Besides this, resources are important elements. There are few important elements which are known as the factors of production which are capital, land, labor and entrepreneur. Each element plays an important role in the country economics and also to satisfy humans unlimited needs and wants. The factors of production are divided to 3 main parts which is Humans Resources, Natural Resources and also Manufactured Resources. Firstly, about Human resources, human resources is known as labor. Labor is known as employees who work to made or produce. It is important to know about the abilities of the labor or workers. We should understand their level of abilities and use their skills wisely. Labor help to improve the standard of the country and the satisfy of humans unlimited needs and wants. For example, there will be engineers with a lot of potential, so the employer should understand and use the employee skill wisely to improve and also maintain the production of the country and the economics too. Secondly, i will discuss about land. Land is also an important element in the resources, without land there is nothing. Land is a place where we can get timber, minerals and also natural resources to continue living. By having land we can get all the natural resources. It also knows that in our country Malaysia we are rich in natural resoures, such as minerals and timber. Furthermore capital is also one of the factors of production. Capital is known as a good or services. Example of capital is machines, tools and etc. It is important to have this machines and tools to further with production. Capital is to have a better produced of goods or services. And entrepreneur an entrepreneur is an organize an also an entrepreneur is a person who introduces to new product, and techniques and also entrepreneur must be a person who willing to take risk. These are the four main and important factors, but to fulfill humans needs and wants this is not enough cause humans always have unlimited wants and needs to be fulfill their needs. Moreover by the help of the three questions, it will be much easier to solve this problem. The questions are how to produce, to whom to produces and what to produce. By following this question human can make a choice of what they want. For example, humans have to identify the wants and make a choice. Making a choice may be hard but humans have to make a choice, based on how much they have. How much can their afford. Choice is an important decision that humans have to make. Choice in the food, goods and etc. By making a choice humans tend to satisfy their needs and wants. Capital is define as a good that be used in a business to generate the income of the business. Capital is an important element in a business. Capital is also known as money or property that used in a business. Capital is a money that humans use to develop their business. Without capital there will be no way to develop or invest the business. Capital used to produce either goods or services. For example Capital refers to machines or tools in an company. Without the machines or tools cannot produce or create. For examples cars, there are machines and tools that had been created to make cars, without the machines the car cannot be created or made. Just with machines job is done faster and easily. Capital also depends on what kind of capital that humans refers either in a form of money or machines. Money is also known as capital. To produce or start a business, we need capital in which in the form of money. To start a small or big business firstly we need capital, without a capital we cannot start the business. Even it is a small amount of money it is still considered as a capital. To start the business we have to have enough of money. Capital also can be property. If property that you own can be a capital. It can be a small piece of land which we can use to start a business. Capital is always refers to something that you put in to get the output, as you can say by putting the input which is capital and you get a output. Without input there will not be any output. The input plays a major role in getting a good output. Capital is a strong and important element to start a business or to produce. We should have a enough of capital before we start to produce or starting a business. Capital is money or machines that have a value to get a good output in the process. Capital also can be identity as a income. For example capital is something that has a value by its own. Income is important in starting a business or doing any production. Furthermore, land is defined as then surface of earth. Land is a beautiful nature resource. Land has its own advantages such as soil, land, and also minerals and timber. Land is important to start a business because without having a land its hard to start a business. Land does not only refer to the upper part but land has its own minerals rivers and etc. In the four factor of production, land is known as one of the factor. The soil in the land has a high quality. Land is depending on which kind of land is it and also where it is located. Some land is really very rich with the minerals, which can be used to produce minerals and etc. Land of ground as be known as property, estate. Business man who wants to open a factory of company will be looking for a land. For example a business man wants to open a shopping mall. The business man will be looking for a invest land or a land where is located in the centre or the town, it also will be a place to attract customers. For example the land owner can be use the land as a invest in it. Land is need for building or known as a property. Land is also can be say as a investments. Land in a good area will be a good investments place for business. Labor is define as a employees or a worker. Labor is an important elements for work to be done. To identify labor the employer has to understand the workers skills and their liabilities and their knowledge of the job. It is important to known employees physical and mental effort on the job there has. Employer has to know his or her employee liabilities before a task. Entrepreneur is define as business man who is willing to take risk in the business they are doing to have either profit of loss. As a entrepreneur he or she has to face the problem. A entrepreneur have to be a person who is very organizes person and also should have the creative in introduces new product. In the business world an entrepreneur has to be fast and also smart in handing problem. These are all the resources that we have in our Malaysia. All this factors are limited. And cannot produce more. But the needs and the wants of the humans are unlimited. As the say of Lionel Robbins which is true that humans always have unlimited of wants which is hard to satisfy. To solve this problem, by using the 3 question which is what to produces, how to produces and to whom to produces. Humans have to make a choice on what they really want and what is really very necessary in their life. Humans have to make the right choice and be happy with it. Opportunity cost plays an important role here. Opportunity cost for example in choosing the right this in food or clothes. Make a decision whether can afford it or not. Make a choice based on the money have and it also must fulfill the needs and wants as well. And also have to do sacrifice one of the needs to fulfill the needs. Opportunity plays a role in our daily life. For example in everything we have to make choice. From what we want to eat to what we want to wear we make a choice. Opportunity choice is made from what we can afford. To solve this economics problem humans have to make the choice cause its hard to satisfy everyone needs and wants with the limited resources. QUESTION2 INTRODUCTION Malaysia is mixed economy country. Mixed economy is known as government intervention in the country. Government intervention means governments interfere in the activities in the production and also distribution. Mixed economics is also known as a balanced economy. Mixed economy is government and markets take the decisions. Mixed economy is a good plan cause by the help of the government price mechanism is control. Price mechanism is define as its a generally between the supply and demand. For example went there is more demand the price of that product will go up. And went the demand goes down the price also goes down too. Price is define as the market value, the price of purchase. Price mechanism is a change according to the demand and supply. For example during raining season the price of vegetables will increase because there will be demand for the vegetables cause during raining season its hard to get vegetables. And the seller will try to sell at the higher price here where government interfere and control the price. Price is divided to two parts which is price floor and price ceilings. A Price floor is the lowest price. Price floor is done by government. Government will control so that the price of the product will not go very low. This is the way how government controls the price mechanism. Price ceilings are government puts a stop for the price of the product go too high and cannot be control. Government tends to control or put a limit to the price or the product. Examples of price floor and price ceilings are (rice, flour. petrol, sugar and etc.) The ways governments interfere. Government intervention by controlling the price of the product in the country. Each product have a standard price and government help that the product are not sell in higher price. If the product is sell in a higher price, the buyers will feel hard to buy it, by the government intervention it will help to control the price of the products. For example the price of rice, if the price of the rice increase the people who have a normal salary will feel hard to buy the rice. It will affect the country economy as well. In other ways government intervention is by giving pension to the employees after they at reach age of 60. Pension helps the employees who are retired. Besides this, government intervention by involves in social activity such as helping the (float victim) by giving them shelter and also basic needs such as food and drinks. Government also helps the poor. Government helps by giving them education. In Malaysia government gives education from standard 1 to right up to form 5. Government also gives important to environmental issues such as reduced of plastic. For example in Malaysia government has introduces not to use plastics bags on Saturday. Besides this, government encourages to use recycle bags. Government plays an important role to control the price mechanism by using the price floor and price ceilings. The price of goods rises because of the demand on the product. And also this will create a shortage in the market. To overcome this problem government has to control the price the goods every time. Government has to put a price list to solve this problem. By controlling the price government also controls the waste. As Malaysia is a mixed economy the control of price is important. By the government interfere it will help the country to have a stable economy. And the people have a control economy in the country. To solve this problem government has to control the price mechanism.

One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest Essay -- essays research papers

One flew East, One flew West, One died without a part of his brain. In my opinion the main theme of One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest is conformity. The patients at this mental institution, or at least the one in the Big Nurse’s ward, find themselves on a rough situation where not following standards costs them many privileges being taken away. The standards that the Combine sets are what makes the patients so afraid of a change and simply conform hopelessly to what they have since anything out of the ordinary would get them in trouble. Such conformity is what Mc Murphy can not stand and makes him bring life back to the ward by fighting Miss Ratched and creating a new environment for the patients. One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest represents a rebellion against the conformity implied in today’s society. Ken Kesey, the author, offers many examples of imagery through the Chief’s detailed narrative of the story. Appealing to the sense of sight, Bromden, describing the reactions of some invalid patients, says: â€Å"the Chronics woke up to look around with heads blue from lack of blood† (214). A touch imagery is present when the Chief describes McMurphy’s hands: â€Å"I remember the palm was smooth and hard as bone from hefting the wooden handles†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (23). After killing McMurphy, Bromden’s narrative appeals to the sense of sound when he expresses he â€Å"heard the wires and connections tearing out of the floor† (310). Guessing that fall is coming and using the sense of smell, Bromden states: â€Å"I ca...

El Nino Phenomenon

El Nino has been a reoccurring phenomenon for centuries. What exactly is El Nino? â€Å"The term El Nino refers to a massive warming off the coastal waters of Peru and Equador that frequently extends more than 90 degrees of longitude. It is related to the Southern Oscillation, the atmospheric component of this phenomenon†¦ † (Gottschalk, 1998). Because El Nino and Southern Oscillation are often coupled, the term ENSO is used. (Garrison, 1999) This event usually last up to a year but can last up to three years. El Nino occurs every several years. The areas that are most affected by this event are all ocean areas at tradewind latitudes in both hemispheres. (Garrison, 1999) El Nino has been linked to flood and droughts all over the world. El Nino causes significant changes in biology and weather when it occurs. During an El Nino cycle there are many biological changes. During an El Nino thermocline is low and therefore there is less photosynthetic activity following in a decrease in the primary life forms. The warmer waters that are brought by El Nino hold less oxygen demanding the fish to go somewhere else. Cook 1998) â€Å"Although upwelling may occur during an ENSO event, the source of upwelled water is nutrient-depleted water in the thickened surface layer approaching from the west†(Garrison, 1999). This does not help the fisherman to make money or eat during an ENSO event. This biological decrease also hurts the economy because the fishermen in the areas affected are not catching the right amount of fish to make money. Biological change is due to the climate and weather change during El Nino. The surface winds that move the ocean currents are a major controller in weather. During El Nino when the easterlies weaken and retract eastward during the early stages, the upwelling slows and the ocean warms along with the moist air above the ocean. The change in the ocean temperatures causes a major rain section over the western Pacific to move eastward. In this way small changes in the ocean and wind currents continue to magnify each other until a full-blown El Nino occurs. † The increased evaporation intensifies coastal storms, and rainfall inland may be much higher than normal†(Garrison, 1999). The impacts of El Nino upon climate in temperature show up most during wintertime. Most El Nino winters are not that cold over western Canada and parts over the United States, and wet over the Southern United States and from Texas to Florida. (Whipple, 1998) According to Helvarg (1998), El Nino occurs at irregular intervals ranging from two years to a decade, and no two events are ever exactly alike. The 1982-83 El Nino was a surprise because it was not proceeded by a period of stronger easterlies on the Equator. It also occurred late in the calendar year. The economic impact was large. The Equador and Peru fishing industries suffered heavily. Up to a hundred inches of rain fell in Equador and Peru. The new vegetation swarmed grasshoppers, which increased the toad and bird population. Further west they found abnormal wind patterns and this shifted typhoons and sent them to Hawaii and Tahiti, which was unaccustomed to severe weather. The total amount of damage was $8 billion. â€Å"This years El Nino [1997-1998] has been the strongest ever recorded† (Helvarg, 1998). This El Nino drought had more of an impact than its rains. El Nino also infuriated tornado and storm activity in the Southeast. † In Alabama 34 people were killed and some 5,000 acres of trees knocked down in April when deadly tornadoes struck† (Helvarg, 1998). This record braking tornado event was spawned by the collision of warm, moist air that lingered over the warm Pacific and a polar front that had dropped from the north. (Garrison, 1999) In parts of Northwest U. S. there where massive clear-cut logging operations have to take place on mountain slopes, El Nino†s rains and big surfs contributed to what has become a pattern of landslide and flooding. In the Hawaiian Islands El Nino weakened the tradewinds that normally bring rain, resulting in a three month long winter drought. This damaged crops and sparked wildfires that depleted hundreds of acres of endangered native species. (Helvarg, 1998) Conditions from this year El Nino did not return to normal until late spring of 1998. (Garrison, 1998) â€Å"Estimates of worldwide 1997-1998 damage exceeded $25 billion†(Garrison, 1999) According to Garrison(1999), the contrasting colder events that occur are known as La Nina. As conditions to the east cool off, the ocean to the west warm rapidly. The renewed thrust of the trade winds piles this water upon itself, depressing the upper curve of the thermocline too more than 100 meters deep. According to Whipple (1998), weather from El Nino and La Nina are not symmetrical. Scientists have only recently recognized La Nina events. Since World War II there have been only one La Nina for every three El Ninos. Delivered along with El Nino†s wrath has been increased emphasis on the need to understand this often destructive weather phenomenon† (Gottschalk, 1998). If we understand El Nino we can better prepare and find better equipment to predict it. Buoys were arranged in the ocean to understand and predict ocean currents better. These buoys were placed between New Guinea and the Galapagos Islands. Each buoy measures surface wind, air temperature, humidity, sea surface temperature and subsurface temperature down to 500 meters. The data is then transferred to weather centers all over the world. The data is then analyzed and used for climate forecasting. Scientists are also trying to predict El Nino by National and Oceanic Administration weather satellites. From these satellites they have been able to track shifting patterns of sea surface temperatures. NASA satellite images also help us to see the shifting patterns of storms over the equator. NASA†s EOS provides ocean sea-surface vector winds. This will be launched in the year 2000. This is called SeaWinds microwave radar. â€Å"Adding to the El Nino data pile will be MODIS with its sea-surface temperature and ocean color sensors, Jason 1 for sea-surface height, and TRmm for tropical rainfall. On the ground, the EOS Data and information System (EOSDIS) ground will focus on processing, analyzing, and disseminating information gathered by this orbiting army of satellites† (Gottschallk, 1998). Over the years, several NASA missions have studied the effects associated with El Nino. Earliest efforts at mapping sea surface temperatures and cloud cover were done using two different satellites in 1978. Since then there have been many improvements made. The number of channels was increased from 4 to 5. These channels allow the instruments to view in parts of the electromagnetic visible and infrared spectrum. This increases the amount of readily available information on El Nino. All these things above help to better predict El Nino and to allow the countries the will be affected to prepare for it. This is important for the developing countries because the economy is very sensitive to climate change. Rice and cotton are two primary crops of Peru and are highly sensitive to rainfall (Encyclopedia). Therefore, if the farmers were told that El Nino were coming they would know whether to plant more rice or cotton in a year. Tropical countries have the most to gain from predictions but non-tropical countries require a more accurate prediction of El Nino. Countries such as Japan and United States will benefit in the strategic planning in areas such as agriculture, the management of water resources and the reserves of grain and fuel oil. Scientists and governments are working together to design and build a global system for predicting El Nino and other irregular climates. Governments should make climate predictions available daily like they make weather forecasts available to the public today. The ability to prepare how climate will change leads to better management of agriculture, water supplies, fisheries and other resources. By doing all these things people are going to become better adept to all irregular rhythms of climate.

Emma The Character of Frank Churchill and Reading The Moral Qualities of Men in Jane Austen essays

Emma The Character of Frank Churchill and Reading The Moral Qualities of Men in Jane Austen essays One of the challenges posed by Jane Austen, of her heroine Emma Woodhouse, in the novel entitled Emma, is how Emma must learn to be a good reader of both male and female characters. The persona of Frank Churchill poses a constant series of challenges to Emmais Frank a rouge and a coxcomb, or is he a nice young man, worthy (and willing) as a marital prospect' This education of Emma in moral terms is illustrated by the choice eventually posed for the titular heroine, between Mr. Knightly and Frank Churchill. By becoming a better reader of the human character in general, Emma learns that Mr. Knightly is the better choice of the two male romantic prospects, and also, by extension that she has misread the female characters of Harriet Smith and Jane Fairfax throughout the novel. Frank Churchill thus functions in the novel as kind of a transition figure for Emma's moral educationby learning to read Frank properly, Emma learns to be a better person, even if Frank is not the most moral character, by any stretch of the imagination in the novel. That Emma begins the novel as a poor reader of the human character becomes immediately apparent in the first chapter of the book, which portrays the charming scene, whereby Mr. Knightly is seen teasing Emma, as she sits next to her invalid, hypochondriac of a father Mr. Woodhouse, by the fire late one night. Mr. Knightly notes that while Emma frequently drew up many improving reading lists for herself, while under the tutelage of her former governess, she hardly ever read the books on the lists. This indicates that Emma at the beginning of the novel is a creature of surfaces, rather than someone who knows how to look deeply into the moral text of a person's character. The moral education of Emma, and her ability to read prospective suitors better is eventually exemplified in her shifting of allegia...

Comparisons of love in A rose for Emily and Sweat Essay Example

Comparisons of love in A rose for Emily and Sweat Essay Example Comparisons of love in A rose for Emily and Sweat Paper Comparisons of love in A rose for Emily and Sweat Paper Essay Topic: Literature When we think about love, we usually associate it having positive effects on the lives of individuals. But as portrayed by William Faulkner in A Rose For Emily and by Zora Neale Hurston, in Sweat, the effects of love can be deadly. In A Rose For Emily, Emilys love causes her to kill to keep, and in Sweat, Delias love causes her to kill to let go. Because she grew up under a very strict set of laws, Emily comes into contact with very few men. Actually, the only man that has any influence in Emilys life is her farther, who she loves very much. As a direct result of her fathers protective nature over her, Emily grows inseparable from her father. So when her farther dies, his death sends Emily into a deep depression. One day Emily meets Mr. Homer Barron, who after dating for a short while she falls deeply in love with. Emily falls in love with Homer because besides her farther, he is the only man she has every spent any time with. Emily sees Homer as a father figure, which directly causes her to fall so deeply in love with him. When homer tells Emily that he intends to leave her, Emily does not understand how to handle this news. Not completely recovered from the death of her father and deeply in love with Homer, Emily is unwilling to let another man she loves leave her. Emily kills Homer, puts him in their bed, and sleeps next to his dead body every night. Although we may view this of the behavior of someone who is psychologically ill, Emily sees this as totally normal. If Emilys father let her socialize with members of the opposite sex more at a young age, she would not have become so easily attached to the first man she interacted with. Although Emilys father is to blame for the majority of her suffering, Emily is not totally innocent. After her fathers death if Emily would have been open to enjoying life and meeting people, she would have met numerous male friends and wouldnt have attached herself to just one. In Zora Hurstons story Sweat, Delias resistance to leave her husband demonstrates how much she loves him. Every since the second month of their fifteen year marriage, Sykes began beating on Delia. Other than her love for him, there is no other possible explanation for Delia to remain in a relationship for fifteen years and take the abuse that she takes. Delia stays with Sykes even though she knows he cheats on her. Not only does he cheat on Delia but Sykes uses Delias money, because he has no job, to buy things for his mistress and to pay for her hotel. If she really didnt care about Sykes, Delia wouldnt take care of him the way that she does. She even loves him enough to try to make their relationship work in the midst of their daily fighting. Hurston says, Delia and Sykes fought all the time now with no peaceful interludes. They slept and ate in silence. Two or three times Delia had attempted a timid friendliness, but she was repulsed each time (p. 600). This quote demonstrates that through all their adversity, Delia attempts to reconstruct their relationship. Her love for Sykes makes Delia ignorant to the fact the he will never change, and that all her attempts to ignite any flame in their relationship is void. Because he knows that she despises snakes, Sykes decides to bring a snake in the house, believing that it will drive Delia out of the house, therefore making room for his mistress. To make sure that his plan is a success, Sykes puts the snake in the hamper, which contained the clothes that Delia was to prepare for work the following day. In the end the plan backfires and the snake bites Sykes on the neck. He calls for Delia to help him, but much to his dismay, she just stands there and looks at him. Although a slight possibility to save Sykes may have been present, Delia decides enough is enough. For the last fifteen years of her life Delia died a very slow death. Everyday Sykes killed her mentally, emotionally, and physically. He beat her, cheated on her, and talked about her, things which Delia was forced to rise from daily. So because she loves Sykes so much, Delia decides it just time to let go and be reborn once more. Both authors demonstrate two strong sides of relationships between man and woman, and the different paths that the love leads each relationship to take. In Faulkners A Rose For Emily, Emilys love for her father was so strong that when he died and she fell in love with Mr. Homer, she refused to let him go under any circumstances. She feels as though she needs the presence, dead or alive of someone that closely resembles her father. In Hurstons Sweat, Delia is a fool in love for such a long time that she doesnt see anyway out. She loves Sykes for who he was not what he has become. Deep down inside she knows that the soul of the man she married died a long time ago, but love causes her to deal with the flesh of her foolish husband for so long. When the opportunity becomes available, her love allows her to Sykess flesh rest. Both authors show that sometimes when dealing with love it can be hard to let go, but in the end its what we should do. Also, both illustrate as a direct result of love, both women are psychologically damaged. The damage that Emily suffers causes her to kill, and the damage that Delia suffers allows her to take countless amounts of abuse, and in the end, to let Sykes die.

Film School Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Film School - Personal Statement Example Therefore, I believe people can examine their own society through the movies and as an aspiring film-maker, I hope to someday touch lives by creating films that examine this society Movies like "Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon," and "The Departed," gave me inspiration. After I graduated from high school my parents suggested that I take time off to find myself, it was difficult not being a student nor working and giving to the community. However, through watching films, I realized that no matter what kind of movie it was, every movie provided great insight and a message about life. I found myself researching why certain filmmakers decided to tackle a theme or what the inspiration was that launched their idea. For example, Martin Scorsese, the Producer and Director of, "Gangs of New York" had a personal interest in portraying the historical makings of Gotham City. His curiosity about his own city provoked him to create a piece of work that could be shared with a large audience. The Director, Ang Lee became another inspiration. His ability to cross the cultural, societal and linguistic barriers amazed me. Lee's leap from strictly small Chinese films to worldwide aw ard winners gave me hope that I too could stir the hearts and minds of society. These two directors, and many others compelled me to be a part of the industry that had such an effect on me. My interest in film grew when my friend who was a film maj

Summarise Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Summarise - Assignment Example His argument is based mainly on children on fourth grade where introduction of academic language tampers with most children’s willingness to enjoy the studies due to lack of understanding complex language used in key subjects like mathematics, science and business (Gee, 2004). The lack of understanding academic language tends to ensure the child always lags behind in his entire reading development. This continued lagging makes it hard for even adults to use academic language. Gee identifies that academic language, thus difficult needs a strong foundation. In his book, Gee (2004) identifies different ways that can boost the understanding and ability to use academic language. He claims that it is necessary for parents to support their children to play video games as they help in the kids’ ability to visualize and identify ways to use complex language. He uses the example of kids using Pokà ©mon learn to use polysyllabic names that boost their vocabularies (Gee, 2004). The kids also generate their skills to use algebraic expressions. This notion portrays that kids from low-income families will suffer more in their ability to use academic language due to lack of experiences with people using academic language. Their parent’s inability to purchase video games for them makes them suffer from gaining exposure to academic language. The author continues his support of the use of media and digital technology by claiming that the internet is the main source of information and interaction is simpler. The interaction on the internet is not biased as it brings connection with different age groups, social classes, and people who have similar ideologies and needs. This makes it easy for the children to gather enough information and skills to use in academic language. Gee (2004) identifies that the best way for kids to develop understanding in academic language is to ensure that the education system should identify ways to limit and prevent the