Marketing and Its Components Essay Example for Free

Marketing and Its Components Essay Environmental analysis of UK: In order to achieve success in implementing some marketing plan, PEST analysis plays a major role because it allows the organizations to do a complete analysis of political, economic, social and technological aspects of the organization and the evidence can be taken from the example of Tesco UK. The success factor of Tesco can be analyzed from the marketing strategy it has assumed in order to deal with the potential customers of United Kingdoms. However, this company has taken all the basic concepts of marketing under consideration while making its strategic plan. Here is the PEST analysis of Tesco UK. Political: The organizations which have political backup and keeps the political aspects under consideration while marketing its service get promulgation within no time. For instance, Tesco is an international supermarket; its policies are always compatible to the regions in which it provides its services. In UK, it has also kept this thing under consideration and that’s why, got exceptional response from the customers. In this regard, following steps have been taken: †¢It has fulfilled legislative requirements of United Kingdoms †¢There is no violation of Labor law, environmental law, trade law, health and tariff restrictions †¢Policies have been developed keeping the political scenarios under consideration †¢Tesco has also developed its own ethical and sustainability policy keeping the national ethical policy of UK in view Economic: Since UK market is one of the most sensitive markets of the world, economic sustainability is another factor that needs thorough analysis in order to deal with any marketing situation. Most of the consumer within UK requires a product that suits not only their lifestyle but also their budget. Though brand loyalty and trust is also a positive factor that can be regarded as a strong reason for the success of this organization, still some consumers find it difficult to buy costly products. Tesco UK has also kept this thing in view and provided different solutions in the form of competitive prices and sales. However, the economic analysis of Tesco indicates †¢Potential investment of company authorities within UK †¢Payment of taxes on each product †¢Adoption of sensitive price strategy †¢Paying interest rate †¢Extensive participation in regional economic growth Social: The analysis of social factors of Tesco UK is as followed: †¢Targeting young people for product marketing †¢Increasing demand of the international products due to increasing migrants †¢Multi-cultural customers †¢Bargaining power of customers †¢Safety issues like inability of customers to understand product precautions Technological: As far as technological factors are concerned, Tesco has also kept this aspect under consideration while marketing its services in United Kingdoms. †¢Automatic payment system †¢Auto-checking while entering and exiting from supermarket †¢Use of electronic system for cash and balance †¢Implementation of safety cameras in supermarkets †¢Wireless devices †¢RFID Control of Tesco over environmental factors: As far as the environmental factors that are beyond the control of Tesco UK are concerned, it is the competitive forces, suppliers, customers, inflation ratio and technological advancement which have affected sustainability of Tesco in one way or other. Competitors: Potential competitors of Tesco UK are as followed: †¢Wal-Mart †¢Costcutter †¢Carrefour As far as online competitors are concerned, they involve †¢Ebay UK †¢Amazon UK Customer: Another aspect that is beyond the control of Tesco UK is bargaining power of customers. The demands of customers vary with the passage of time and Tesco UK has to assume change management strategy keeping the changing demands of the customers. In this regard, the factors that can affect Tesco directly involve †¢Bargaining power of customers †¢Recession †¢Limited budget of customers †¢Changing requirements according to the trend Inflation ratio: Inflation ratio is another aspect which is beyond the control of Tesco UK since there are several factors which contribute in such cases and if this supermarket gives potential discounts on each product that threats the sustainability of their relation with suppliers. However, this thing is controlled to a small extent through providing different packages and sales in low seasons, Technological advancement: Since with the advancement in technology, consumers are also attracting towards online shopping, online platforms have taken the position of strong competitors. A consumer seeks ease through purchasing products from online portal that can deliver the objects at home. Though Tesco also has its own web portal yet the technological advancement makes it complex for this organization to adopt appropriate strategy in each country. However, through adopting timely change management strategy, this organization can deal with such situation. Section 2: Creating and sustaining competitive advantages: Tesco is the third largest grocery store of the worlds and there are ample potential competitors which can be regarded as the core competent of this organization. However, still this organization has been gaining competitive advantages through sustaining and assuming competitive advantage strategy. As far as the core competitors of Tesco in this industry are concerned, Wal-Mart and Carrefour are two leading organizations that compete with Tesco on global level. The reason why it had remained on third position is that it had initiated its service after a long time. However, it is the competitive advantages which it has sustained in regional as well as global competitive market that it has been positioned on third rank among all supermarkets of the world. As far as the strategies in order to gain competitive advantage are concerned, there are several creative and sustainable competitive strategies which can be developed in order to gain competitive advantage in this industry. In this regard, Porter’s generic strategies can be utilized because all the successful organizations like Wal-Mart and Carrefour have gained such position only through assuming exceptional competitive strategy. The first strategy that can be promulgated in this regard is cost leadership strategy which would enable Tesco to offer its services and products to not only national but international consumers and markets in lowest cost. For this purpose, they would also have to control the overall cost of the operations so that they can easily maintain investment and this price control strategy never affects this organization in one way or other. Through assuming this strategy, Tesco would be able to generate not only potential profit but also competitive advantage as well. If Tesco would use differentiation strategy as indicated by Porter, it would enable this organization to offer its products and services to its customers promulgating unique features and value added services that would attract potential customers a lot. This would also give competitive advantage in the form of brand loyalty of customers and double profit. Differentiation can be generated through assuming novel technological feature, providing value added service, exceptional customer service etc. Another option to create and sustain competitive advantage in local as well as international markets is market penetration. For instance, for Tesco, it might be difficult to assume differentiation or cost leadership strategy since it requires price maintenance. It can also make its marketing sources exceptional. For this purpose, as indicated in Ansoff Matrix, market penetration strategy would prove ample lucrative. It means this organization can gain competitive advantages through penetrating in existing market, find potential sources for promulgating its products and services and then focusing on internal efficiencies in order to come up with the requirements of the consumers. Nevertheless, Tesco can gain competitive advantage through assuming cost leadership and differentiation strategy in global market since it would enable this organization to compete with global giants. However, market penetrations strategy would work if this organization wants to create and sustain exceptional position in local markets like that of United Kingdoms and China. However, it cannot be stated that Tesco used to utilize such strategies without doing market analysis. In this regard, Tesco does market analysis through assessing its market position and contemporary ratio of market growth which enables it to analyze which strategy would enable it to compete on global as well as local level and in this regard, the significance of BCG matrix cannot be neglected. Some organizations used to employ all these strategies collaboratively and consider that there will be competitive advantage that is a wrong notion. That’s why most of them stuck in the middle and ultimately find it difficult to sort out the best option. This is not the case with Tesco since it’s a global organization and its management has exceptional expertise in dealing with such kind of situation assuming the best strategy that can generate passive competitive advantages. Hence, these are some of the potential options which an organization can utilize for competing with the strongest competitor in its relevant industry but before assuming any particular strategy, the organization needs to have its portfolio analysis as well. the examples of Tesco, Wal-Mart and Carrefour can be taken as evidence in this regard since Tesco has assumed strategic option through analyzing its contemporary position in global market and hence, gained successful position as well, Section 3: Product life cycle: A product life cycle possesses different stages like introduction, growth, maturity and decline. However, the marketing strategies vary according to the changing stage of product life cycle and the organizations that use appropriate strategic options according to the requirements of the contemporary scenario, get success in product marketing. On first stage, organizations used to apply marketing Mix elements in which, it suggests specifications of products, appropriate price, promotion strategies and place where it can gain successful position. Different examples can be seen in the form of Toyota motors, McDonald fast food industry and Tesco service providers in this regard. For example, Toyota wants to launch one of its product, the initial strategy that it would adopt will be determining price specifying promotion strategy and place, promulgating product specifications. Product: design, specification, how it works, extra benefits of using it etc Price: initially the cost would be low since this new product would take time to make its position in the markets. Promotion: this section would indicate promotional strategies like launching product providing value added services Place: this section indicates the best market for promulgating new vehicle like United Kingdoms, Canada etc. The second stage is referred to as Growth stage. At this point, the strategic plan differentiated through assuming growth strategy like market development etc. For instance, when Tesco opened new store in China, it achieved growth status through developing market and for that purpose, it affiliated itself with one of the regional supermarkets that enabled this supermarket to have potential growth in new market. The third stage is referred to maturity stage. On this stage, the product or service got its mature status and for its sustainability, different strategies are adopted in order to maintain its position through assuming change management strategy if required. Market penetration strategy is considered the best option in such cases since through constant penetration in market, the contemporary position of the product and service is analyzed. For instance, in UK markets, environment changes are uncertain and this thing affects the requirements of consumers. So, Tesco UK constantly do market penetration in order to sustain its position and cope with competitors. Last stage is referred to the decline stage and it is considered the death of the product. However, some companies assume differentiation and diffusion of innovation strategy in order to sustain its product and regain its mature stage. The example can be taken from McDonalds India. Its product for non-vegetarian though gained ample success in the beginning but soon, customers fed up with it. McDonalds India assumed differentiation strategy and attracted customers through introducing vegetarian burgers and deals. Diffusion of innovation strategy: Diffusion of innovation is one of the effective strategies that can regenerate lost position of a product. Through promulgating product marketing its innovative features, organization can easily cope with decline stage of PLC. There are several examples which can be quoted for proving the authenticity of this strategy With the propagation of KFC and PizzaHut, customers transformed their concentration from McDonalds and this thing affected its profitability ratio badly. The management of McDonalds contemplated to regain its position and ultimately found diffusion of innovation as the best source to deal with this issue. Finally, they introduced McFlurry which attracted most of their customers back. Hence, this thing not only made it possible for the organization to get its customers back but the profitability ratio also increased simultaneously. Hence, marketing strategy plays a major role in developing and sustaining products or services in local as well as global markets but along with using innovative strategy, the organization should also have potential to assume change management strategy according to the contemporary requirements.

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Jordan's offense proved less critical than his presence. (AP) more photos Wizards cruise in Jordan's return The Wizards didn't need an A game from Michael Jordan to win convincingly in his return. Jordan returned to the lineup earlier than expected, scoring seven points in 16 minutes of Washington's 107-75 rout of host Denver. Jordan received a loud ovation when he got off the bench late with 2:55 left in the first -- his first appearance as a reserve since April 5, 1986. He wore a protective sleeve, but didn't seem to favor his knee at all. Jordan's two baskets matched Shaquille O'Neal's output from the field in the Lakers' 108-90 loss at San Antonio. College Hoops Extravaganza Clark Kellogg Exclusive Analysis Tournament Tracker Live Audio and Stats Follow multiple games at the same time! -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tournament Pick'em presented by TUMS Check your bracket More Coverage  · News | Headquarters  · Brackets | Scoreboard  · TSN Bracket Packet  · TheInsiders.com News  · Slideshow | Gallery  · Chat | Message Boards  · Championship Gear Top Stories Fantasy Sports - Chrysler Fantasy Golf - Baseball | More Baxter stripped of bronze medal - Olympics Woods looking for repeat at TPC - Golf Caminiti pleads guilty to cocaine charge - MLB Capriati, Seles join U.S. Fed Cup team - Tennis Jordan returns, Wizards win - NBA Girl hit by puck died from artery damage - NHL Kidd leads Nets past Trail Blazers 97-82 - NBA Duncan leads Spurs to rout of Lakers - NBA Bender fired as Washington coach - NCAA Men's Basketball Syracuse advances to NIT semifinals - NCAA Men's Basketball headlines updated at Thu Mar 21 09:18:55 2002 Broadcast & Chat Events Media NBA Highlights - Sports Talk Radio - View Slideshow - Photo Gallery - What's on Today - NCAA Wrestling Championships: Okla. St. - 11 am ET NCAA Men's Hoops: Indiana vs. Duke - 6:30 pm ET (national feed) NCAA Men's Hoops: Arizona vs. Oklahoma - 7:25 pm ET NASCAR: Raybestos Fast Talk with Benny Parsons - 7 pm ET (Real | Windows Media) more broadcast events... Expert Columns More Events - Figure Skating Features - Sports Community - Sports Buzz Index - Buy Tickets | Calendar - Transactions | Odds Daily Trivia - Sports Trivia Games - Quote of the Day Ladies first - Frank Deford, Sports Illustrated

My Ambition Essay

Living in the modern world, a person really needs to know what he wants to do. In order to lead a meaningful and colorful life, everyone needs an ambition. If one does not have an ambition, he will be like a ship sailing on the wide sea blindly. That is why I have made up my mind to become a reporter since my childhood. When I was a little girl, I often daydreamed. If I were a reporter, everything would be great. I could get the latest information and report the news to the world on TV. When I walked on the street, people would recognize me and probably would shout â€Å" OH, my godï ¼  That’s she-the perfect reporterï ¼ Ã¢â‚¬  Then I would feel proud of myself. In my childhood, I often stood in front of the mirror and encouraged myself, â€Å" Hiï ¼  Girl, you have a perfect face, graceful manners and active personality. You will be good at your job. You will become a reporter, an outstanding reporterï ¼ Ã¢â‚¬  As time goes by, I never change my mind. I still have a strong desire to be a reporter. I deeply understand to be a reporter is not as easy as I thought. Being an excellent reporter requires many abilities, especially English ability. Therefore, in order to made my ambition come true. I have made some plan for it. From now on, I should make best use of my time to study anything about a reporter needs. I’ll pay much attention to the things around me and keep a keen thinking. Besides, I’ll learn the techniques of famous reporters on TV. In short, being a reporter is my greatest dream, my ambition, I’ll train myself to make it come true. With my efforts, I really hope I’ll become an outstanding reporter some day.

Research Method - 1425 Words

Question 2 Part (a) Table 1; Data Summary ∑f=80 Calculations The sample arithmetic mean x Ì…=( ∑ââ€"’ã€â€"(MI)Ãâ€"fã€â€")/(∑ââ€"’f) =1535/80=19.19 The median x Ì… =ã€â€" Lã€â€"_(1 )+( (N/2-∑ââ€"’ã€â€"fmed )Ãâ€"cã€â€")/fmed =15+((40-27))/((22))Ãâ€"5 = 15 + 2.95 = 17.95 ã€â€" Lã€â€"_(1 )=Lower class limit of the median N=Total Frequency ∑ââ€"’ââ€"ˆ(fmed )=Sum of the frequencies of classes below the median class@) fmed =Frequency of the median class c=Width of the median class The mode (X ) Ì‚=ã€â€" Lã€â€"_(1 )+ (f_(0-f_1 )/(2 f_0-f_(1 - ) f_2 ))Ãâ€"h =15+(22-19)/(2(22)-19-13) Ãâ€"5 =15+3/10Ãâ€"5 =16.25 Where L_(1 )= Lower boundary of class containing mode f_(0= )Frequency of modal class f_(1 )= Frequency of class preceding†¦show more content†¦The result indicated that 50 percent of the recipient has been unemployed for more than 21 months. Question 2 Part (c) Report on the unique characteristic of qualitative and quantitative research strategy Quantitative and qualitative researches are based on different paradigms. Qualitative research strategy focuses mainly on words, human behaviour in the cultural context, attitudes and life experiences rather than numerical data (IPA Research Strategy. 2010). It focuses on collecting information to confirm how the variables interrelate. It is subjective and always relies on the interpretation of the situation of the individual undertaking the study. As for the quantitative it put emphasis on specific standard or numerical data and applies different kind of statistical analysis. The researcher always stays independent, apart and uses random sampling to prevent personal prejudices to misrepresent the results which can easily be generalized (IPA Research Method, 2010). Both strategies have their own characteristics. Table 1 below illustrates different characteristic of the two strategies (H.J. Streubert D.R. Carpenter, 1999). QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE Several realities Particular realityShow MoreRelatedResearch Methods And Methods Of Research975 Words   |  4 PagesStudying research method was not a new experience since I have studied about it in my under graduate school. In comparison from the previous one I had, ULMS 515 Applied Research Methods Module has enhanced my understanding about how to conduct a research in an appropriate way to be implemented in the real world setting. I learned to appreciate the nature of research and the research process in academic and practical contexts. This module also enables me to develop my understanding in the differencesRead MoreResearch Methods For A Research Method1925 Words   |  8 PagesResearch methods assignment LQXIH1 This assignment will be comparing and contrasting two journal article’s, with a focus upon the research methods used. It will begin by summerising the main findings and key arguments of both articles. Followed by identifying the research methods used, whilst comparing and contrasting their strengths and limitations. It will then move onto looking at how the methodological limitations of each study may be overcome. To conclude this essay a reflection shall be carriedRead MoreResearch Methods4920 Words   |  20 PagesIntroduction of research and research methods What is research method? As a matter of fact, according to Saundra et al. (2003), the term method in the entire research process or project can be considered as tool or technique which help researcher obtain, collect and analyze data or different types of information. To be more specific, Saundra et al. (2003) point out that in order to fulfill different research projects and objectives, couples of methods have to be properly utilized, in this caseRead MoreResearch Methods1611 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Assignment in Research Methods 1) Overview of various research methods When writing a Research Paper it is important to know different research methods. These methods help to gather and systemize the information and data in order to scientifically prove the validity of the work. Further will be explained ways how to collect the data. Research methods are divided in two big blocks: quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative methods are those where results are explained in numbers, whereasRead MoreQualitative Research On Research Methods Essay839 Words   |  4 PagesThis type of research methods involve describing in detail specific situation using research tools like interviews, surveys, and Observations. Qualitative Research is primarily exploratory research. 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The Issue of Human Trafficking - 1512 Words

2,880. That’s how many children are taken away from their families each day. That’s 2,880 eighty children who should be playing outside and enjoying childhood. Instead they are torn from everything they know and forced into slavery, sometimes to never come out. Slavery was not fully abolished in 1865. Over 27 million men, women, and children are enslaved at this very moment (â€Å"The Cost of Coercion†). That number is close to the population of Florida and Georgia combined who would be enslaved today. What most people today call â€Å"modern-day slavery† is the illegal trade of human beings for forced labor and exploitation; referring to using others for sexual exploitation, organ trafficking, and forced labor. This international crime is†¦show more content†¦Now let’s focus on what happening today. When people think of slavery they normally think of sex slavery; and rightfully so. 8 of 10 human trafficking cases worldwide involve the sex industry in one way or another. As many as 17,500 people are trafficked into the United States annually (The Cost of Coercion). That is almost 48 people a day who become slaves on the very same soil where it was abolished 150 years ago. The average age of a sex slave is 14 years old. Think about all the things you did when you were a teenager. Being sexually exploited probably isn’t one of them. Not to mention that on average a slave is sold for around 90 dollars. â€Å"In 1850, the cost of a slave (in todays dollars) was $35,000† (The Underground Railroad). How is it that slaves in the 1850’s that were mostly black, therefore hardly consider human, be worth more to people than women in today’s society Sex trafficking does not just mean across country boarders; it entails street prostitution as well. Street prostitu tion becomes trafficking when a pimp uses fraud, force, or coercion to preserve control over the person providing profitable sexual services and instigate the person to engage in sex acts. An estimated 293,000 American youths currently are at risk of becoming victims of sexual exploitation. The majority of these victims are runaway children who live on the streets. Most of the women described their path into the sex trade as a boyfriend transforming into a pimp. TheseShow MoreRelatedThe Issue of Human Trafficking1116 Words   |  5 Pagesis still a very prevalent issue today, under the name of human trafficking. Human traffickers are those who victimize others in their desire to profit from the existing demand. People of all ages, even children, are recruited and taken from all around the world and forced into acts such as prostitution, war, and extreme labor. Many people are not aware of these events occurring at all, and more awareness needs to be brought to this topic. Human trafficking exists for a few reasons. OneRead MoreThe Issue Of Human Trafficking1481 Words   |  6 Pages Human trafficking is defined by the United Nations as the acquisition of people by improper means such as force, fraud or deception, with the aim of exploiting them. Unfortunately, human trafficking is a crime that occurs globally with many men, women, and children being forced to work as laborers and or sex workers. As is the case with many crimes, the statistics regarding human trafficking are sensationalized, making it seem as if it is more prevalent than it actually is. Many tag the SuperRead MoreThe Issue Of Human Trafficking875 Words   |  4 Pageswide misconception among Americans that support the idea that human trafficking is something that only occurs overseas and not something that takes place in the United States. As a country that puts a huge value on freedom of choice, many U.S. citizens naively wish to believe that such an inhumane offense could never occur on our own free soil. Unfortunately, this notion is not true at all and domestic trafficking is an ongoing iss ue that needs to be addressed within our own borders. In additionRead MoreThe Issue Of Human Trafficking779 Words   |  4 Pages14. Human trafficking was not defined in international, regional, and national laws until the late 2000s in Article 3, paragraph (a) of the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress, and Punish Trafficking in Persons, supplementing the United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime (Trafficking Protocol) , and the optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution, and Child Pornography (CRC Protocol) . 15. At the same token, RwandaRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is An Issue1348 Words   |  6 Pagesthat slavery is no longer existent, it still is very popular, and it’s human trafficking. Human trafficking is an issue everywhere, but it has always been a major issue in Bangladesh. Human trafficking is still an issue because it s still legal in some areas, and the government doesn t make an effort to help the young women and children who are as young as twelve in the trafficking business. The truth is, human trafficking is happening right in front of our faces, and in every country.These peopleRead MoreThe Issue Of Human Trafficking2654 Words   |  11 PagesAccording to the UNDOC, human trafficking is the acquisition of people by illegal means such as force, fraud, deception, abduction or coercion for the purpose of exploiting them. This vice is one of the main international policy concerns of the 21st century that is spreading at an alarming rate. Often, human trafficking is confused with human migration and smuggling even though the three terms are completely different. Unlike human trafficking, human migration and smuggling involves migration/transportationRead MoreThe Issue Of Human Trafficking Essay1836 Words   |  8 Pagescommunity, better known as human trafficking by society. Human trafficking is the illegal traffic of individuals for the purposes of sexual exploitation and commercial achievements. Individuals are misplaced and forced into slavery throughout the state. The targets of human trafficking are mostly women and children, some children are as young as 13 years old, and this act is called â€Å"child-trafficking†. This issue is not only of a safety matter but also of a public health issue. The victims are kept inRead MoreThe Issue Of Human Trafficking4049 Words   |  17 Pageshave been raised over the years in regards to the issue of human trafficking. Countless international groups such as charities have tried to increase pub lic awareness around the issue of trafficking of human beings and at the same time have encouraged governmental bodies to acknowledge this problem that its affecting people around the world and which has increased dramatically over the past years (Newburn, 2013,pp.430-431). The trafficking of human beings has reached a global level, with thousandsRead MoreThe Issue Of Human Trafficking2669 Words   |  11 Pages Human Trafficking Defining my topic human trafficking is when people are really slaved and by selling their body well being told to do it. My topic is a human rights issue because it is part of slavery. In spite of the fact that servitude is generally thought to be a relic of times gone by, human trafficking still exists today all through the United States and all inclusive when traffickers utilization power, misrepresentationRead MoreCombatting the Issue of Human Trafficking1294 Words   |  5 Pagesresolutions for combating the issue of human trafficking , both locally and nationally. I chose to investigate two existing social awareness campaigns located in Ohio. The reasons I decided to explore these two organizations is because of the obvious, that my classmates and I are in the state of Ohio but overall, it is due to the fact that this state ranks number five in the nation for human trafficking. There are explanations behind the ranking of Ohio for this issue. The first explanatio n

Analysis Of The Story Stupid Mexican ! - 1064 Words

Rationale â€Å"Stupid Mexican!† She muttered as I accidently brushed her arm. I stopped and looked back she was beautiful. Her golden blond hair, piercing blue eyes, and a sun kissed complexion hid her ignorance well. I went into the bathroom and starred at the reflection in the mirror. The almond shaped eyes stared back at the girl before them. Her skin was fair and her curly brown hair over whelmed the mirror. As I starred I my self the words resonated, â€Å"Stupid Mexican!† I was confused. I am Cuban and Salvadorian; I realized I didn’t know what either meant. My mother told me that her father was a Spanish Businessman who was traveling through El Salvador and met her mother, a native to the country that had never stepped foot outside the small town she was born in. She said that my father was Cuban. She would show me pictures of him and his parents his mother as dark as the night. Her hair too over whelmed her photos. His father was fair in completion. Even through t he black and white photo his blue eyes pierced my soul like those of that beautiful women. And there stood my father between his parent’s fair skin, nappy hair, and almond shaped eyes. His smile revolted me all I saw was the man who left his five-year-old daughter for another life. A man who left me, his daughter, wondering who I was and were I came from. Now at twenty-five, I still wonder. Who was my father’s family? From what my mother told me his father two was Spanish that owned property in Cuba. His mother wasShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of Margaret Atwoods short story The Resplendent Quetzal1439 Words   |  6 PagesThe Resplendent Quetzal, by Margaret Atwood, is the story of Sarah and Edward, a disparaging husband and wife, who lost their child at birth and consequently lost their love for one another. This story focuses on the individual way that they dealt with the same tragedy and how it led them to become who they are today. Atwood uses symbolism and descriptive character analysis to show how far the degeneration of their relationship has gone. They both continue with their superficial relationship, unableRead MoreBodega Dreams by Ernesto Quià ±onez898 Words   |  4 Pagespeople tend to do it so proudly. It’s a trait that people should be ashamed of, it’s a trait that is as ignorant as it is thoughtless , and it’s a trait that is imposed every day, even in America, the land of the free and the home of the brave. In the story Bodega Dreams it deals with blatant racism and bullying. If they want a kids to truly learn you have to put them in a learning environment that not only feels safe for them, but also feels open and inviting whether then dreadful and hostile. A kidsRead MoreThe Presidential Election Of 20161541 Words   |  7 Pageshasn’t made an issue statement but because he has made to many issue statements and has, in fact, been a member of both political parties in previous years. The establishment argument goes something like this: first, Trump will implode, owing to some stupid thing he says or does . Then, maybe he could win the nomination but ultimately voters will see what the elites all see: he is unfit to be president and they will vote for an alternative. That argument might work well if elections were won by a nationalRead MoreThe Presidential Election Of 20161653 Words   |  7 Pageshasn’t made an issue statement but because he has made to many issue statements and has, in fact, been a member of both political parties in previous years. The establishment argument goes something like this: first, Trump will implode, owing to some stupid thing he says or does . Then, maybe he could win the nomination but ultimately voters will see what the elites all see: he is unfit to be president and they will vote for an alternative. 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Authorship Theory Essay Example For Students

Authorship Theory Essay For a host of persuasive but commonly disregarded reasons, the Earl of Oxford has quietly become by far the most compelling man to be found behind the mask of Shake-speare. As Orson Welles put it in 1954, I think Oxford wrote Shakespeare. If you dont agree, there are some awful funny coincidences incidences to explain away. Some of these coincidences are obscure, others are hard to overlook. A 1578 Latin encomium to Oxford, for example, contains some highly suggestive praise: Pallas lies concealed in thy right hand, it says. Thine eyes flash fire; Thy countenance shakes spears. Elizabethans knew that Pallas Athena was known by the sobriquet the spear-shaker. The hyphen in Shake-speares name also was a tip-off: other Elizabethan pseudonyms include Cutbert Curry-knave, Simon Smell-knave, and Adam Fouleweather student in asse-tronomy. FN*. The case for Oxfords authorship hardly rests on hidden clues and allusions, however. One of the most important new pieces of Oxfordian evidence centers around a 1570 English Bible, in the Geneva translation, once owned and annotated by the Earl of Oxford, Edward de Vere. In an eight-year study of the de Vere Bible, a University of Massachusetts doctoral student named Roger Stritmatter has found that the 430-year-old book is essentially, as he puts it, Shake-speares Bible with the Earl of Oxfords coat of arms on the cover. Stritmatter discovered that more than a quarter of the 1,066 annotations and marked passages in the de Vere Bible appear in Shake-speare. The parallels range from the thematicsharing a motif, idea, or tropeto the verbalusing names, phrases, or wordings that suggest a specific biblical passage. In his research, Stritmatter pioneered a stylistic-fingerprinting technique that involves isolating an authors most prominent biblical allusionsthose that appear four or more times in the authors canon. After compiling a list of such diagnostic verses for the writings of Shake-speare and three of his most celebrated literary contemporariesFrancis Bacon, Christopher Marlowe, and Edmund SpenserStritmatter undertook a comparative study to discern how meaningful the de Vere Bible evidence was. He found that each authors favorite biblical allusions composed a unique and idiosyncratic set and could thus be marshaled to distinguish one author from another. Stritmatter then compared each set of diagnostics to the marked passages in the de Vere Bible. The results were, from any perspective but the most dogmatically orthodox, a stunning confirmation of the Oxfordian theory. Stritmatter found that very few of the marked verses in the de Vere Bible appeared in Spensers, Marlowes, or Bacons diagnostic verses. On the other hand, the Shake-speare canon brims with de Vere Bible verses. Twenty-nine of Shake-speares top sixty-six biblical allusions are marked in the de Vere Bible. Furthermore, three of Shake-speares diagnostic verses show up in Oxfords extant letters. All in all, the correlation between Shake-speares favorite biblical verses and Edward de Veres Bible is very high: . 439 compared with . 054, . 068, and . 020 for Spenser, Marlowe, and Bacon. Was Shake-speare the pen name for Edward de Vere, Earl of Oxford, or must we formulate ever more elaborate hypotheses that preserve the old byline but ignore the appeal of common sense and new evidence? One favorite rejoinder to the Oxfordian argument is that the authors identity doesnt really matter; only the works do. The plays the thing has become the shibboleth of indifference-claiming doubters. These four words, however, typify Shake-speares attitude toward the theater about as well as the first six words of A Tale of Two Cities express Charles Dickenss opinion of the French Revolution: It was the best of times. In both cases, the fragment suggests an authorial perspective very different from the original context. The plays the thing, Hamlet says, referring to his masque The Mouse-trap, wherein Ill catch the conscience of the king. Hardly a prÃÆ'Â ©cis for advocating the death of the author, Hamlets observation reports that dramas function comes closer to espionage than to mere entertainment. Hamlets full quote is, in fact, a fair summary of the Oxfordian reading of the entire cannon. If pressed, Shake-speare, like Hamlet, would probably deny a plays topical relevance. But, as an ambitious courtier, he would have valued his dramaturgical ability to comment on, lampoon, vilify, and praise people and events at Queen Elizabeths court. It is hard to deny that Hamlet is the closest Shake-speare comes to a picture of the dramatist at work. Nowadays, assertions that one can recover the authors perspective from his own dramatic self-portraits are often ridiculed as naive or simplistic. Yet the conversethat Shake-speare somehow evaded the realities and particulars of his own life in creating his most enduring, profound, and nuanced charactersis absurd on its face. Themes in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight EssayHis first marriage to Anne Cecil left him a widower, like Lear, with three daughters, of whom the elder two were married. His second marriage produced only one son, whose patrilineal claims could conceivably be challenged by Oxfords bastard sona mirror of the gullible Earl of Gloucesters situation. As if highlighting one of the thematic underpinnings of King Lear, in his Bible, Oxford marked Hosea 9:7 The prophet is a fool; the spiritual man is mad, which Lears daughter Goneril inverts in her venomous remark that Jesters do oft prove prophets.. Prospero. The Tempests exiled nobleman, cast-away hermit, and scholarly shaman provides the authors grand farewell to a world that he recognizes will bury his name, even when his book is exalted to the ends of the earth. Oxfordians, in general, agree with scholarly tradition that The Tempest was probably Shake-speares final playand many concur with the German Stratfordian critic Karl Elze that all external arguments and indications are in favor of the play being written in the year 1604. Before he takes his final bow, Prospero makes one last plea to his eternal audience. Drawing from a contiguous set of Oxfords marked verses at Ecclesiasticus 28:1-5 concerning the need for reciprocal mercy as the precondition of human freedom, Prospero delivers his farewell speech with the hopes that someone will take him at his word:. R elease me from my bands With the help of your good hands! Gentle breath of yours my sails Must fill or else my project fails, Which was to please. Now I want Spirits to enforce, art to enchant, And my ending is despair, Unless I be relievd by prayer, Which pierces so that it assaults Mercy itself and frees all faults. As you from crimes would pardond be, Let your indulgence set me free. Like Hamlet, The Tempests aristocrat cum magus begs those around him to hear his story and, in so doing, to free him from his temporary chains. The rest, as the academic ghost-chase for the cipher from Stratford has ably demonstrated, is silence. At the end of The Tempest, Prospero uses the metaphors of shipwrecks and stormy weather to deliver his closing salvo against the desolate island he called home. During the final year of his life, the Earl of Oxford clearly had such imagery on his mind, as can be seen in his eloquent April 1603 letter to his former brother-in-law, Robert Cecil, on the death of Queen Elizabeth: In this common shipwreck, mine is above all the rest, who least regarded, though often comforted, of all her followers, she hath left to try my fortune among the alterations of time and chance, either without sail whereby to take the advantage of any prosperous gale, or with anchor to ride till the storm be overpast. The alterations of time and chance have been cruel to Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford. But the last five years of discoveries and developments have made two things increasingly clear: the tempest has broken, and Prosperos indulgence is finally upon us. Added material. FOOTNOTE* Another intriguing reference comes from the satirist Thomas Nashe, who included a dedication to a Gentle Master William in his 1593 book Strange News, describing him as the most copious poet in England. He alludes to the blue boar, Oxfords heraldic emblem, and roasts William with the Latin phrase Apis lapis, which translates as sacred ox.. I am a sort of haunted by the conviction that the divine William is the biggest and most successful fraud ever practised on a patient world. The more I turn him round and round the more he so affects me. But that is allI am not pretending to treat the question or to carry it any further. It bristles with difficulties, and I can only express my general sense by saying that I find it almost as impossible to conceive that Bacon wrote the plays as to conceive that the man from Stratford, as we know the man from Stratford, did.